Determining the relationship between sleep disturbances in children and parental stress during COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between child sleep disturbances and parental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional web-based study was conducted between February and April 2021 among 409 parents residing in Turkey who had children between the ages of 6 and 16 years. Data were collected online using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the Parental Stress Scale (PSS). In the study, there was a significant relationship found between the mean scores of the SDSC and PSS (r = 0.499, p < 0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, family type, socioeconomic status, occupation, the presence of sleep problems in the child before the pandemic, and the total score of the PSS significantly affected the total score of the SDSC. The presence of sleep problems in the child before the pandemic was significantly associated with the total score of the PSS (p < 0.05). Approximately 3.9% of the children had sleep disturbances (at scores over 70 points) during the COVID-19 pandemic. In conclusion, as the stress levels of parents increase, the rate of sleep disturbances in their children increases, and many demographic characteristics are associated with the occurrence of sleep disturbances in their children. It is important that parents do not reflect on their stress related to the pandemic and that their children maintain a normal sleep pattern whenever possible. School nurses should educate children and their parents about the importance of enough sleep and factors that contribute to inadequate sleep among children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Hand hygiene and mask-wearing behaviors and the related factors during the COVID 19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study with secondary school students in Turkey.

PURPOSE: The research was conducted to determine the hand hygiene and mask-wearing behaviors and related factors of secondary school students in the COVID-19 pandemic process. DESIGN AND METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between March 02-April 022021 with 1284 students who continued their secondary education in a province in the east of Turkey. The data were collected face-to-face through the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Mask-Wearing Behavior Form, and the Hand Hygiene Behavior Form. Percentage, mean, t-test in independent groups, Mann Whitney U test and Multiple Regression analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. Ethical principles were observed at all stages of the study. RESULTS: It was determined that 80.1% of the students used disposable medical masks, 62.1% of their parents chose a mask suitable for the age of the student, and 52.1% used the mask they wore all day long. It was found that 41.4% of the students washed their hands before wearing a mask, and 51.9% after wearing a mask. It was determined that there was a significant relationship between students' mask-wearing behavior and gender, and hand hygiene behavior and gender, grade level, previous training on hand-washing and mask-wearing. As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was found that gender and mother's occupation had a statistically significant effect on mask-wearing behavior, while gender and previous training on mask-wearing had a statistically significant effect on hand-washing behavior. CONCLUSIONS/PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Students exhibited correct behaviors regarding hand hygiene and mask-wearing, but some misbehaviors suggest that training is necessary, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Hand hygiene and mask-wearing behaviors and related factors during COVID 19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in students

<h4>Purpose</h4> The research was conducted to determine the hand hygiene and mask-wearing behaviors and related factors of secondary school students in the COVID-19 pandemic process. <h4>Design and methods</h4> This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between March 02–April 022021 with 1284 students who continued their secondary education in a province in the east of Turkey. The data were collected face-to-face through the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Mask-Wearing Behavior Form, and the Hand Hygiene Behavior Form. Percentage, mean, t-test in independent groups, Mann Whitney U test and Multiple Regression analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. Ethical principles were observed at all stages of the study. <h4>Results</h4> It was determined that 80.1% of the students used disposable medical masks, 62.1% of their parents chose a mask suitable for the age of the student, and 52.1% used the mask they wore all day long. It was found that 41.4% of the students washed their hands before wearing a mask, and 51.9% after wearing a mask. It was determined that there was a significant relationship between students' mask-wearing behavior and gender, and hand hygiene behavior and gender, grade level, previous training on hand-washing and mask-wearing. As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was found that gender and mother's occupation had a statistically significant effect on mask-wearing behavior, while gender and previous training on mask-wearing had a statistically significant effect on hand-washing behavior. <h4>Conclusions/practice implications</h4> Students exhibited correct behaviors regarding hand hygiene and mask-wearing, but some misbehaviors suggest that training is necessary, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic period.

The effect of anxiety on nicotine dependence among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of anxiety on nicotine dependence among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a descriptive and correlational study. The sample consisted of 503 university students in Turkey. Data were collected online using a demographic characteristics form, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). FINDINGS: FTND scores differed by gender, family type, and grade level, while STAI scores differed by gender, income, and region of residence (p < 0.05). Fifty-one percent of the participants had moderate anxiety, while 65.2% had low nicotine dependence. FTND and STAI mean scores were strongly correlated (p < 0.05). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The higher the anxiety, the higher the nicotine dependence among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Analysis of nursing students' obsessive and coping behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the obsessive behaviors and coping behaviors of nursing students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted between October 4 and October 17, 2020. FINDINGS: In this study, it was found that nursing students had a mean total COVID-19 Obsessive Compulsive Scale score of 3.88 ± 3.02 and a mean total Ways of Coping Inventory (WCI) score of 47.05 ± 11.68. When the subscales of the WCI were examined, mean scores were found to be 13.64 ± 4.85 for the self-confident approach, 8.91 ± 3.35 for the optimistic approach, 7.25 ± 2.24 for the seeking social support approach, 10.97 ± 4.43 for the helpless approach, and 6.24 ± 3.20 for the submissive approach. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nursing students have low levels of obsession with COVID-19 and moderate levels of coping behaviors. For this reason, it is very important to recognize the psychological symptoms of today's nursing students-the health workforce of the future-and to determine priorities for their solution.